Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 849

年份

2023 64

2022 91

2021 59

2020 39

2019 43

2018 35

2017 32

2016 38

2015 45

2014 45

2013 40

2012 51

2011 36

2010 46

2009 40

2008 29

2007 30

2006 14

2005 8

2004 9

展开︾

关键词

水资源 16

细水雾 14

可持续发展 6

泥水盾构 6

反渗透 5

水环境 4

砂卵石地层 4

超滤 4

三峡工程 3

优化 3

农业节水 3

半旱地农业 3

Preissmann格式 2

中国西北地区 2

京津冀 2

光催化 2

养殖模式 2

农业 2

农业水资源 2

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Performance analysis of an air-source heat pump using an immersed water condenser

Jie JI, Huide FU, Hanfeng HE, Gang PEI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 234-245 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0056-3

摘要： A distributed model of an air-source heat pump (ASHP) system and its experimental setup using an immersed water condenser were presented. Dynamic performance of the ASHP was then evaluated by both simulation and experiment. The results indicated that the system coefficient of performance (COP) decreased as the condenser temperature increased, ranging from 4.41 to 2.32 with the average COP equaling 3.29 during the experiment. Comparisons between simulation results and experimental measurements demonstrated that the model was able to yield satisfactory predictions. Furthermore, temperature profiles of the refrigerant in the evaporator and condenser were also given. This paper provides the theoretical and experimental background for ASHP system optimization and a valuable reference for a solar air-source heat pump water heater when the solar irradiation energy is insufficient on cloudy or rainy days.

关键词： air-source heat pump distributed model immersed water condenser

HTML PDF 收藏

Particle-scale simulation of fluidized bed with immersed tubes

ZHAO Yongzhi, JIANG Maoqiang, CHENG Yi

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 341-345 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0046-8

摘要： In order to simulate gas-solids flows with complex geometry, the boundary element method was incorporated into the implementation of a combined model of computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method. The resulting method was employed to simulate hydrodynamics in a fluidized bed with immersed tubes. The transient simulation results showed particle and bubble dynamics. The bubble coalescence and break-up behavior when passing the immersed tubes was successfully predicted. The gas-solid flow pattern in the fluidized bed is changed greatly because of the immersed tubes. As particles and gas are come in contact with the immersed tubes, the gas bubbles will be deformed. The collisions between particles and tubes will make the tubes surrounded by air pockets most of the time and this is unfavorable for the heat transfer between particles and tubes.

关键词： unfavorable computational gas-solid particle discrete

HTML PDF 收藏

Comparative study on foundation treatment methods of immersed tunnels in China

Shaochun WANG, Xuehui ZHANG, Yun BAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 82-93 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0575-x

摘要： Based on engineering practices of four typical traffic immersed tunnels built in China, this paper details the features of the four dominant foundation treatment methods for immersed tunnel construction: pile foundation, sand flow foundation, grouting foundation, and gravel bedding foundation. Subsoil stress time-history of different method are specified first, plus a summary of settlement assessment method for foundation quality control. Further, a comprehensive comparison of settlement and cost of these four foundation treatment methods is conducted to highlights the specific merits, disadvantages and conditions encountered in each foundation treatment method, based on real projects information. The findings of this article could henceforth be applied to foundation treatment work in immersed tube tunnel construction.

关键词： foundation treatment method immersed tunnel subsoil stress settlement

HTML PDF 收藏

沉管隧道基础灌砂模拟试验

郑爱元,谭忠盛,李治国

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第7期页码 81-85

摘要：

基于相似理论与模拟试验，对沉管隧道基础灌砂的主要参数进行了研究；重点介绍了模拟试验的模型设计、试验流程、试验重点注意事项与试验技术要求，通过试验取得了所需的第一手数据，在对试验成果进行总结分析的基础上，对灌砂施工的主要参数进行了验证分析，其成果可为后续沉管隧道的基础灌砂施工提供参考与借鉴。

关键词：沉管隧道基础灌砂模拟试验

HTML PDF 收藏

水下隧道沉管法设计与施工关键技术

杜朝伟,王秀英

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第7期页码 76-80

摘要：

结合国内已建成的沉管隧道对沉管法施工干坞方案比选、管段及接头防水设计进行了探讨分析，对沉管法施工的关键技术如管段制作、管节浮运、沉放及水下对接和基础处理方法进行了归纳。

关键词：沉管隧道方案比选防水设计施工技术

HTML PDF 收藏

Optimization of cold end system of steam turbine

ZHAO Bin, LIU Ling, ZHANG Wenbing

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 348-353 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0036-z

摘要： An optimization of the movement characteristic of the cold end system of the steam turbine was conducted from an overall consideration of the condenser and the circulation water pump. An analysis method based on thermodynamics theory

关键词： circulation characteristic analysis optimization condenser

HTML PDF 收藏

中国大陆典型水下隧道工程案例与技术

洪开荣

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 871-879 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.12.007

摘要：

中国大陆近十多年来修建了较多的水下隧道，其技术也取得了长足的发展。文章按工法分类，简要介绍了我国水下隧道的发展历程与现状，同时结合典型水下隧道的工程案例，综述了包括盾构法、钻爆法、沉管法修建的我国几座主要水下隧道工程，以及在这些工程中的技术创新所解决的重难点问题，如地质综合预报、注浆加固方法与工艺、软弱地层超浅埋大断面隧道的设计与施工、限排降压换刀、孤石的探测与处理、高地震烈度区的水下隧道建设、沉管基槽高回淤的处理等；综合分析了现有的技术基础与建设能力，提出了对我国三大海峡通道（琼州海峡通道、渤海湾海峡通道、台湾海峡通道）的一些思考，并指出海峡通道建设还需进一步研究的问题。

关键词：水下隧道海峡通道盾构法沉管法钻爆法

HTML PDF 收藏

A study of spray granulation in vibrated fluidized bed with internal heating tubes

Xiaoheng PAN, Shichao YE, Zeguang ZHANG, Li ZHANG, Xuejun ZHU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 78-82 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0084-x

摘要： The granulation process in a vibrated fluidized bed with immersed horizontal heating tubes was studied in this paper, with small monoammonium phosphate particles as the initial particles and monoammonium phosphate solution sprayed on them. The concrete influences on the granulating performance of the immersed horizontal heating power, fluidizing gas velocity, vibration frequency and amplitude had been analyzed theoretically. The results show that appropriate vibration intensity is a preferred condition for the growth of partials, but the fine dust will become much more along with prolonged vibration. Increasing the heating power is beneficial to raise the growth rate. Particles will grow faster if the fluidizing gas velocity is higher, but this will cause more fine dust. The optimized condition of =0.002 m, =6.67 Hz, =1.4 m/s was given after the analysis of the experimental results. In the end, a semiempirical formula was derived from the experiment data, and the calculation results show good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： vibrated fluidized bed immersed horizontal horizontal heating tubes spray granulation particle growth model

HTML PDF 收藏

Numerical simulation of underground seasonal cold energy storage for a 10 MW solar thermal power plant in north-western China using TRNSYS

Zulkarnain ABBAS, Yong LI, Ruzhu WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 328-344 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0676-1

摘要： This paper aims to explore an efficient, cost-effective, and water-saving seasonal cold energy storage technique based on borehole heat exchangers to cool the condenser water in a 10 MW solar thermal power plant. The proposed seasonal cooling mechanism is designed for the areas under typical weather conditions to utilize the low ambient temperature during the winter season and to store cold energy. The main objective of this paper is to utilize the storage unit in the peak summer months to cool the condenser water and to replace the dry cooling system. Using the simulation platform transient system simulation program (TRNSYS), the borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) system model has been developed and the dynamic capacity of the system in the charging and discharging mode of cold energy for one-year operation is studied. The typical meteorological year (TMY) data of Dunhuang, Gansu province, in north-western China, is utilized to determine the lowest ambient temperature and operation time of the system to store cold energy. The proposed seasonal cooling system is capable of enhancing the efficiency of a solar thermal power plant up to 1.54% and 2.74% in comparison with the water-cooled condenser system and air-cooled condenser system respectively. The techno-economic assessment of the proposed technique also supports its integration with the condenser unit in the solar thermal power plant. This technique has also a great potential to save the water in desert areas.

关键词： seasonal cold energy storage borehole heat exchangers typical meteorological data TRNSYS condenser cooling techno-economic assessment

HTML PDF 收藏

水·水资源·农业节水

刘更另

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第7期页码 39-42

摘要：

文章从水性质特点谈到中国水资源的问题，认为不能单纯用年平均降雨量的多少来判定中国水资源的状况，水资源开发利用的好坏决定于人类社会的调节和管理。中国水资源总的来说是够用的，最大问题是降水量的时空分布不平衡。

中国农民几千年来创造了许多治水蓄水用水的经验。农业节水非常重要，关键在"分散蓄水，分散使用"，以减少径流在汇集和分散过程中的损失和污染，在提高水的利用效率方面有一系列的科研和实际工作要做。

关键词：水水资源农业节水分散蓄水

HTML PDF 收藏

Managing water for life

Daniel P. LOUCKS, Haifeng JIA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 255-264 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0359-6

摘要： Water is essential for life. In spite of the entire engineering infrastructure devoted to the treatment, regulation and beneficial uses of water, occasionally sufficient quantities and qualities of water become scarce. When this happens, just how do we decide how much less water to allocate to all of us and the activities we engage in to sustain and enhance our quality of life? This paper addresses some of the complexities of answering such a question, especially as society increasingly recognizes the need to provide flow regimes that will maintain healthy aquatic and floodplain ecosystems that also impact the economic, physical and even the spiritual quality of our lives. For we depend on these ecosystems to sustain our wellbeing. We are indeed a part of our ecosystems. We depend upon on aquatic ecosystems to moderate river flow qualities and quantities, reduce the extremes of floods and droughts, reduce erosion, detoxify and decompose waterborne wastes, generate and preserve flood plain soils and renew their fertility, regulate disease carrying organisms, and to enhance recreational benefits of river systems. This question of deciding just how much water to allocate to each water user and for the maintenance of viable aquatic ecosystems, especially when there is not enough, is a complex, and largely political, issue. This issue is likely to become even more complex and political and contentious in the future as populations grow and as water quantities and their qualities become even more variable and uncertain.

关键词： water stress aquatic ecosystems sustainable water resource allocations ecosystem water requirements

HTML PDF 收藏

The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 185-194 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017149

摘要： This paper explores the effect of varying agricultural management practices on different water efficiency indicators: irrigation efficiency (IE), crop water use efficiency (WUE), and green and blue water footprint (WF). We take winter wheat in an experimental field in Northern China as a case study and consider a dry, average and wet year. We conducted 24 modeling experiments with the AquaCrop model, for all possible combinations of four irrigation techniques, two irrigation strategies and three mulching methods. Results show that deficit irrigation most effectively improved blue water use, by increasing IE (by 5%) and reducing blue WF (by 38%), however with an average 9% yield reduction. Organic or synthetic mulching practices improved WUE (by 4% and 10%, respectively) and reduced blue WF (by 8% and 17%, respectively), with the same yield level. Drip and subsurface drip irrigation improved IE and WUE, but drip irrigation had a relatively large blue WF. Improvements in one water efficiency indicator may cause a decline in another. In particular, WUE can be improved by more irrigation at the cost of the blue WF. Furthermore, increasing IE, for instance by installing drip irrigation, does not necessarily reduce the blue WF.

关键词： field management irrigation efficiency water footprint water productivity water use efficiency

HTML PDF 收藏

Emergency drinking water treatment in source water pollution incident-technology and practice in China

Xiaojian ZHANG , Chao CHEN ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 364-368 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0027-2

摘要： An investigation into emergency potable water treatment technologies was conducted to investigate China’s water pollution situation. In order to confirm optimum parameters, the technological efficiency of each pollutant was obtained. About 100 contaminants were tested to find the emergency treatment technologies, most of which were found to be positive. This paper presents the three largest and most significant water pollution incidents in China to date, analyzing cases such as the nitrobenzene pollution incident in the Songhua River in November 2005, the cadmium pollution incident in the Beijiang River in December 2005, and the water crisis with odorous tap water in Wuxi City in May 2007.

关键词： emergency drinking water treatment water pollution adsorption oxidation precipitation

HTML PDF 收藏

Molecular analysis of bacterial community in the tap water with different water ages of a drinking water

Feng Wang, Weiying Li, Yue Li, Junpeng Zhang, Jiping Chen, Wei Zhang, Xuan Wu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1020-4

摘要： Bacterial community in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) was regulated by multiple environmental factors, many of which varied as a function of water age. In this study, four water samples with different water ages, including finished water (FW, 0 d) and tap water (TW) [TW1 (1 d), TW2(2 d) and TW3(3 d)], were collected along with the mains of a practical DWDS, and the bacterial community was investigated by high-throughput sequencing technique. Results indicated that the residual chlorine declined with the increase of water age, accompanied by the increase of dissolved organic matter, total bacteria counts and bacterial diversity (Shannon). For bacterial community composition, although Proteobacteria phylum (84.12%-97.6%) and Alphaproteobacteria class (67.42%-93.09%) kept dominate, an evident regular was observed at the order level. In detail, the relative abundance of most of other residual orders increased with different degrees from the start to the end of the DWDS, while a downward trend was uniquely observed in terms of Rhizobiales, who was inferred to be chlorine-resistant and be helpful for inhibiting pipes corrosion. Moreover, some OTUs were found to be closely related with species possessing pathogenicity and chlorine-resistant ability, so it was recommended that the use of agents other than chlorine or agents that can act synergically with chlorine should be developed for drinking water disinfection. This paper revealed bacterial community variations along the mains of the DWDS and the result was helpful for understanding bacterial ecology in the DWDS.

关键词： Bacterial community Water age High-throughput sequencing technique Drinking water distribution system

HTML PDF 收藏

Comparative genotoxicity of water processed by three drinking water treatment plants with different water

Ting Zhang, Heze Liu, Yiyuan Zhang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1214-4

摘要： Genotoxicity of substances is unknown in the water after treatment processes. Genotoxicity decreased by activated carbon treatment but increased by chlorination. Halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds contribute to genotoxicity. Genotoxicity was assessed by umu test; acute and chronic toxicity by ECOSAR. Inconsistent results confirmed that genotoxicity cannot be assessed by ECOSAR. Advanced water treatment is commonly used to remove micropollutants such as pesticides, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and disinfection byproducts in modern drinking water treatment plants. However, little attention has been paid to the changes in the genotoxicity of substances remaining in the water following the different water treatment processes. In this study, samples were collected from three drinking water treatment plants with different treatment processes. The treated water from each process was analyzed and compared for genotoxicity and the formation of organic compounds. The genotoxicity was evaluated by an umu test, and the acute and chronic toxicity was analyzed through Ecological Structure- Activity Relationship (ECOSAR). The results of the umu test indicated that biological activated carbon reduced the genotoxicity by 38%, 77%, and 46% in the three drinking water treatment plants, respectively, while chlorination increased the genotoxicity. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds were major contributors to genotoxicity. The results of ECOSAR were not consistent with those of the umu test. Therefore, we conclude that genotoxicity cannot be determined using ECOSAR .

关键词： Drinking water Treatment process Genotoxicity Umu test Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship